From the article you will learn what signs can indicate varicose veins of the lower extremities, causes of pathology, treatment and prevention at home.
What is varicose veins?
Varicosis is a pathology of veins, which is based on a violation of the valve apparatus of blood vessels with the formation of venous insufficiency, expansion of the lumen, stagnation, which are accompanied by constant pastability of tissues.
The main causes of pathology
Varicose veins on the legs have different causes and symptoms that have small gender features.The main common trigger of pathology is called congenital weakness of connective tissue.In second place is hormonal changes, therefore, in women, varicose veins are diagnosed more often.The long -term static position sitting or standing plays the role, the longer the legs, the more serious the situation.Extra pounds also provoke an increase in pressure in the veins of the lower extremities, as well as the lack of physical exertion.Smoking, pregnancy, accompanying pathologies, close linen, shoes, heels, everything that causes the blood circulation of veins on the legs - risk factors for varicose veins.
Symptoms and clinical manifestations
Signs of varicose veins in women and men have no fundamental differences.This is a staging disease, the symptoms of which are correlated by the stage of development of the pathological process.
The first stage is characterized by minor clinical manifestations: veins barely protrude above the surface of the skin, the dermis is slightly hyperemic, the severity in the legs begins to disturb, the evening pastiness of the legs, ankles, and convulsions are possible.Such symptoms of varicose veins are especially painful for women from an aesthetic point of view.Often visual signs are preceded by pain syndrome.
In the second stage, the clinical picture acquires a typical appearance: the veins on the legs are embossed over the surface of the skin, palpate well, resemble nodes.If the pathological process is progressing, the veins of the lower extremities acquire winding forms, blue-bag tint, sometimes blackened.
The symptoms of varicose veins of the third stage are characterized by the development of complications: trophic disorders appear, the skin resembles parchment, swelling and cramps become commonplace, the legs are covered with rash, begin to itch, the secondary flora, pyodermal of layers, dermatitis, and eczema are joined.
The fourth stage of varicose veins of the lower extremities is the most severe in symptoms: the skin over the stabbing veins is inflamed, nearby tissues are involved in the process, trophic ulcers are opened, the pain in the legs with varicose veins is constant, the attachment of secondary infection provokes thrombophosis, urgent hospitalization, complex treatment are required.
Which doctor to contact?
A phlebologist is engaged in pain in the legs with varicose veins, but a vascular surgeon can also lead the primary reception.It all depends on the severity of pathology.A phlebologist prescribes conservative therapy or sends a consultation to a vascular surgeon to resolve the issue of surgery.
Without a complete clinical and laboratory examination, it is not possible to make an accurate diagnosis.Instrumental diagnostic methods help to clarify the stage of pathology, the duration of the tests takes about 10 minutes, a maximum of half an hour.The result of the examination is voiced by the doctor immediately, at the first appointment.The choice of adequate therapy depends on the stage of pathology.
Features of treatment
Therapy of varicose veins lies on “three whales”: drug treatment, minimally invasive techniques, operational classics.
Conservative therapy
In addition to mandatory general recommendations for varicose veins: dosed, regular physical activity, minimizing static legs, exercise therapy, wearing compression knitwear, the use of elastic bandages - conservative therapy involves the prescription of phlebotonics based on flavonoids, horse chestnut extract.These are tabletized system drugs: synthetic and based on natural components.
Most often, intake is combined with the same external varicose vehicle therapy.According to doctors and patients, the most effective combination of capsules and gel.
Of course, a complete cure for conservative methods should not be expected, drugs are not able to restore dilated veins, but as a prevention, in preparation for surgery, the impossibility of surgical treatment of varicose veins - these drugs guarantee the suspension of the progression of the disease and facilitate symptoms.
Compression sclerotherapy
The essence of the minimally invasive methodology for the treatment of varicose veins is to introduce a special sclerosant drug into the expanded vein.Through the syringe, the doctor introduces a foamy solution into the vein, which fills the deformed vessel, spasming it.
The patient is put on a compression stocking that is designed to hold the vessel in this state.Within three days, the walls of the veins are glued together, the vessel turns off from the usual blood flow and desolate.You need to wear compression knitwear at least a month, sometimes two.Criteria for the effectiveness of treatment are the formed adhesions.
Compression sclerotherapy is performed if varicose veins are not complicated by reverse blood flow from deep vessels to the superficial through the veins of the Communion.If such a counter is present, the effectiveness of the procedure strives for zero.
Surgery
Operation - was and remains the most reliable and effective way to treat varicose veins, regardless of the presence of reverse blood flow in the veins.But here it is important to consult a doctor in time, since relapses often occur in the later stages.Varicose veins are operated on by different techniques: microsurgically, radio frequency and laser coagulation of deformed veins.
In the initial stages, photocoagulation or removal of vascular stars with a laser is effective.In the later stages, phlebectomy is shown - the complete removal of the affected veins.The operation is traumatic, there is a risk of complications, so today doctors are trying to use the technique of less invasive miniflebectomy.If varicose veins are complicated by vein thrombosis, secondary infection - carry outCrossectomy.
What can be done with varicose veins at home?
The essence of the use of folk remedies for the prevention and treatment of varicose veins is reduced to the removal of toxins and toxins from the body with the restoration of normal blood flow.To do this, they balance the diet, including cabbage in daily dishes, tomatoes, bell pepper, greens, citrus fruits, apples, peaches, cherries, cherries, strawberries, gooseberries, currants.Be sure to calculate the correct drinking diet: 40 ml per kilogram of weight.
In addition, the properties of green tomatoes are used, which are tied with slices to the field of varicose veins in the form of compresses.The effect is guaranteed by lycopine - an antioxidant in the pulp of fruits, which improves the structure of the vascular wall, tones the veins.You can try treatment with juices: all vegetables that are eaten raw are suitable.
Effective exhaust of garlic and lemon is effective: phytoncides dissolve cholesterol plaques, cleansing the lumen of blood vessels, a natural antibiotic, which is garlic kills the pathogenic flora, and vitamin C strengthens the wall of veins, prevents salts.The tincture is prepared simply: 4 unpeeled lemon, 4 large heads of garlic are crushed, put a mixture in a jar, pour warm boiled water, insist under the lid for three days, shaking the container daily, filter in the cold, drink a third of a glass during meals three times/day.The course is drunk 12 liters of the resulting solution.
Apple vinegar is considered the people as a source of minerals and vitamins, with varicose veins, it is taken inside in the morning and evening, dissolving two teaspoons of the product in a glass of water.External: wipe varicose veins with a swab, soaked in vinegar, to relieve itching and pain.
Compresses are made with honey, applying a sterile napkin with a product for a couple of hours under the film on the field of varicose veins.Use broken cabbage leaves with vegetable oil for a bandage at night.The course is a month.
Prevention
Prevention for varicose veins pursues two goals: to prevent the occurrence of the disease and reduce the number of relapses.For this: you can not visit the sauna or take too hot baths, lift weights.It is recommended to move a lot, excluding power sports, control weight, minimize the use of too spicy and fatty foods.
No need to wear tight -fitting clothes, socks, golfs, stockings with a tight elastic band, throw your feet on the leg during the seat.Women are invited to abandon high heels.
At night - take cool baths for the legs, you can pour legs with cold water in the morning.It is necessary to abandon bad habits, to master point self -massage: stroking the skin of the lower extremities from the bottom up and in the opposite direction for 10 minutes, minimize stress, avoid overheating, colds, and undergo a medical examination.
With varicose veins, visiting the pool, walking, contrasting shower at home, constant wearing compression knitwear.